Linguistics 101

“Variations in meaning are caused by difference in contexts.”

Semantic Divisions of Humor
“1. Homonyms
2. Synonyms
3. Repetition
4. Paronyms
a. addition
b. subtraction
5. Diminutives
6. Deformations by voice
7. Figures of speech”

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Rhyme
-is a complex semantic/ phonological phenomenon

-a word cannot rhyme with itself

-the rhyme effect is stronger the more semantically distant the two rhyming words are.

Semes

- smallest units of meaning

-correspond to semantic markers/distinguishers

-can be abstract or concrete

Lexemes

-any kind of linguistic unit having meaning

-bundles of semes

-manifestation of semes

Classemes

-contextual semes

Sememe

-any actualization of a lexeme in context

Concatenation

-series of interconnected of interdependent things or events

Isotopies

-recognition of classemes

Isotopy of the context

-situation or context established by text

Communicative Dynamism
-amount to which a given element of a sentence contributes to the ‘advancing process of communication.’

Theme (of a sentence)
-old information about which something is said.

Rheme (of a sentence)
-new information
-what is said about the theme.

Zeugma
-the use of a word to modify or govern two or more words usually in such a manner that it applies to each in a different sense or makes sense with only one.

Syllepsis
-use of a word in two senses